Sneezing every morning, a constantly runny or blocked nose, itchy eyes, a cough that won’t go away, or breathlessness that gets worse with dust or seasonal changes: these are signs of allergy that many people simply learn to live with. In this video, Dr. Dipak Viradia, Chest Physician & Intensivist, explains why allergies should not be ignored and how they can be effectively controlled.

What is an allergy? An allergy occurs when the body’s immune system overreacts to substances that are normally harmless, called allergens. When an allergic person breathes in these allergens, the body releases chemicals like histamine, which cause inflammation in the nose, eyes, throat and airways.

Common triggers. The most common respiratory allergens are house dust and dust mites, pollen from trees, grass and plants, mould and fungus (especially during the monsoon and in damp homes), pet hair and dander, cockroaches, smoke, strong perfumes, and air pollution. Sudden weather changes and cold air can also trigger symptoms in sensitive people.

Symptoms to watch for. Repeated sneezing, runny or blocked nose, itching in the nose, eyes or throat, watery eyes, a dry cough that lasts for weeks, frequent throat clearing, wheezing, chest tightness and breathlessness.

Why allergies should not be ignored. Untreated nasal allergy (allergic rhinitis) can disturb sleep, reduce concentration and affect work and studies. More importantly, it is closely linked to asthma. Many patients with long-standing allergies develop allergic asthma, where the airways become narrow and inflamed. Uncontrolled allergy can also lead to recurrent sinus infections and frequent chest infections.

Diagnosis and treatment. A proper diagnosis starts with a detailed history of symptoms and triggers. Depending on the case, tests such as allergy blood tests, skin tests and lung function tests (spirometry) help identify the cause and check whether the lungs are affected. Treatment includes avoiding known triggers, along with medicines such as antihistamines, nasal sprays and inhalers. When used correctly and regularly, these treatments control symptoms very well. In selected patients, allergen immunotherapy may be advised to reduce sensitivity over time.

Simple steps to reduce allergy at home. Keep the home dust-free with damp mopping instead of sweeping, wash bedsheets and pillow covers in hot water every week, keep pets out of the bedroom, fix damp walls and leaks to prevent mould, avoid smoking and incense smoke indoors, and wear a mask in dusty or polluted areas.

Seek medical help immediately if allergy causes severe breathlessness, swelling of the lips, face or throat, difficulty swallowing, or dizziness. These can be signs of a severe allergic reaction that needs emergency care.

Dr. Dipak Viradia
Chest Physician & Intensivist | Interventional Pulmonologist & ECMO Specialist
Rudrax Chest Clinic, 301, Solaris Royce, Opp. Old RTO, Athwagate, Ring Road, Surat – 395001
Appointment: +91 75676 19985
Website: www.drdipakviradia.com